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The CD3 subunit complex which is crucial in transducing antigen-recognition signals into the cytoplasm of T cells and in regulating the cell surface expression of the TCR complex. T cell activation through the antigen receptor (TCR) involves the cytoplasmic tails of the CD3 subunits CD3 gamma, CD3 delta, CD3 epsilon and CD3 zeta. These CD3 subunits are structurally related members of the immunoglobulins super family encoded by closely linked genes on human chromosome 11. The CD3 components have long cytoplasmic tails that associate with cytoplasmic signal transduction molecules and this association is mediated at least in part by a double tyrosine-based motif present in a single copy in the CD3 subunits. CD3 may play a role in TCR-induced growth arrest, cell survival and proliferation. The CD3 antigen is present on 68-82% of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes, 65-85% of thymocytes and Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. It is never expressed on B or NK cells. Decreased percentages of T lymphocytes may be observed in some autoimmune diseases. The genes encoding the CD3 epsilon, gamma and delta polypeptides are located on chromosome 11. Defects in the CD3 gene are associated with CD3 immunodeficiency.
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蛋白别名: CD3 epsilon; CD3 glycoprotein; CD3 TCR complex; CD3 type I transmembrane glycoprotein; CD3D antigen delta; CD3D antigen, delta polypeptide (TiT3 complex); CD3d molecule, delta (CD3-TCR complex); CD3E antigen, epsilon polypeptide; CD3e molecule, epsilon (CD3-TCR complex); CD3Z antigen, zeta polypeptide (TiT3 complex); FLJ18683; Leu-4; T cell antigen receptor complex epsilon subunit of T3; T-cell surface protein; T3/TCR complex; TCR zeta chain subunit; TiT3 complex; type I transmembrane protein; T-cell surface molecule CD3
基因别名: CD3; CD3Z
Entrez Gene ID: (Chicken) 395911, (Chicken) 396518, (Chicken) 396062