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Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron binding glycoprotein. LF consists of a single polypeptide chain (approximately 80 kDa) folded into two structurally homologous lobes, each of which can reversibly bind one ferric ion (Fe3+). LF is found in external fluids, including milk and mucosal secretions, and is a prominent component of secondary granuals of neutrophils. The protein demonstrates a broad spectrum of properties, including regulation of iron homeostasis, host defense against a broad range of microbial infections, anti-inflammatory activity, regulation of cellular growth and differentiation and protection against cancer development and metastasis. LTF acts as a major first line defense against microbial infections, partly due to its ability to efficiently bind to and hence remove Fe3+ from the environment, but studies have also shown that LTF possesses bactericidal properties and proteolytic activity, capable of cleaving arginine-rich sequences within microbial proteins. Three isoforms of LTF have been identified: LTF-alpha, LTF-beta and LTF-gamma and receptors for LTF are expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, by macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils and platelets and also by some bacteria.
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蛋白别名: CKRX; epididymis luminal protein 110; Growth-inhibiting protein 12; Kaliocin 1; kaliocin-1; Kaliocin1; lactoferricin; Lactoferricin H; Lactoferrin; lactoferroxin; LactoferroxinA; LactoferroxinB; LactoferroxinC; Lactotransferrin; Lfcin H; LfcinH; neutrophil lactoferrin; Talalactoferrin
基因别名: GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF; LTF
UniProt ID: (Human) E7EQH5
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 4057