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PA1-964 detects proteasome 19S subunit S2 from human cells.
PA1-964 has been successfully used in Western blot and immunoprecipitation procedures. By Western blot, this antibody detects a 100 kDa protein representing proteasome 19S subunit S2 in HeLa cell lysate. This antibody detects, to a lesser extent an ~50-kDa protein which could correspond to subunit degradation product.
PA1-964 antigen is recombinant human proteasome 19S subunit S2.
The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. This gene encodes one of the non-ATPase subunits of the 19S regulator lid. In addition to participation in proteasome function, this subunit may also participate in the TNF signalling pathway since it interacts with the tumor necrosis factor type 1 receptor. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 1.
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