Citrate Buffer (pH 6.0), Concentrate

Citrate buffer is used in Heat Induced Epitope Retrieval (HIER) methods. HIER is used to reverse the loss of antigenicity that occurs with some epitopes in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissues. During epitope retrieval, tissue slides are immersed in a solution and heated (>95° C) by hot plate or other appropriate heat source such as a pressure cooker or steamer. Citrate buffer is the preferred solution for most antibodies.